Skip to content

Voltage Drop Calculator

Free voltage drop calculator for electricians. Calculate voltage drop, wire size, and max distance per NEC 210.19(A) guidelines.

NEC 210.19(A), Table 8, Table 9

Circuit Details

6.47% drop✗ Exceeds NEC
Phase
1.00

1.00 for lighting/resistive loads. Motors and other inductive loads typically run 0.80–0.90 — lowering this reveals the reactance NEC Table 9 accounts for.

Conductor Material
A
ft

Voltage Drop Results

Voltage Drop %6.47%7.76 V
Voltage at Load112.24 V

✗ Exceeds NEC Recommendation (> 5%)

NEC 2023 § 210.19(A) Informational Note No. 4

Recommendation

Consider upgrading to 8 AWG/kcmil to meet the 3% branch circuit recommendation.

Exact impedance calculation — resistance (Table 8) and reactance (Table 9) at power factor 1.00, not a resistance-only approximation.

Verified against NEC 2023 · Table 8 & Table 9

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the acceptable voltage drop according to the NEC?

The NEC recommends a maximum voltage drop of 3% for the farthest outlet of power, heating, and lighting loads, or a maximum combined voltage drop of 5% for both the feeder and branch circuit.

How do you calculate voltage drop for single phase?

The formula for single-phase voltage drop is VD = (2 * K * I * D) / CM, where K is the specific resistance of the conductor, I is current in amps, D is distance in feet, and CM is circular mils of the wire.

Does temperature affect voltage drop?

Yes, conductor resistance increases with temperature. While standard calculations often use a fixed K-factor, high-heat environments may require adjusting the resistance values per NEC Chapter 9, Table 8.